Introduction

For A2 I will develop more of the knowledge of media products that i did in AS .I will specifically focus on the horror genre within films.I will be studying films to become understanding of their conventions ,concept and features.This research will help me in creating my own horror film trailer,which will i be assessed on.At the end of the year i am hoping to be very informed on the creating and making concept of horror films ,and applying that to my own media product. With the film trailer I will also be making a film magazine front cover promoting the film and a poster of the film as part of the whole promotion package.

analysis of questionnaire miss constandi

I asked 20 people 13 different question to find out what people would like to see in my horror film trailer. This has helped me a lot to find out about the patterns of demography in audiences.

1.This was just a generic question to see the ratio of men to women.

2.This is a also a basic question asking the age of participants. This allows me to see what people are interested in film and what age group im targeting.

3.I asked the 20 people that filled out the questionnaire to state which of the following sub genres of horror have they watched in the past 6 months.When looking at the graph, it is clear that slasher horror, psychological horror , mystery horror and comedy were most recently seen.A lot of horror films have a mystery aspect to it as it creates suspense and keeps the audience interested.Psychological films mentally scare the audience thus are very effective.Slashers usually involve a main killer and the narrative is very simple.This shows that the audience want to be hooked to the story line and want a lot of action.

4.i asked people which of the following appealed the scariest to the them.on the graph, you clearly see that spider, was small spaces and the dark were what people found most scary.If I include those in my trailer I will appeal to my target audience(teenagers and young adults).Ghost and heights also look quite popular, I will try to add this in, to get more fear out of my audience.

5.in this question the people were asked to tick what setting they would like to see in my horror film trailer.Abandoned places was a very popular choice,  I think this is because those type of places is very isolated, which makes them very fitting for a horror film.The second most popular choice was vacation sights, this location would be used a lot in slasher films.Nature and ghost town evenly scored.Overall people expect a location that has been deserted for a very long time and dark.

6.Here I asked whether people mind graphic images in a trailer.Most responded that they could and were totally fine with it and the remaining said that they were ok with it to a certain point.Therefore, I definitely won't hesitate with having some gore in my trailer, however, i will be careful and not have too much of it to remain the audience not looking away if disturbed

7.I also asked people how often they watched horror films.What i took from this is that people probably will watch horror if it specifically appeals to them,therefore i need to ensure that my promotion package will  be very persuasive and encouraging people to watch my film.Only a few said they watched it often,some are very committed to the horror genre so i need to impress them by having a selling point to the film.Those that rarely or occasionally  might not really like the genre at all however by having a very successful promotional package i might convince also by having a sub genre film,it might appeal to a wider audience.

8+9.I asked what upcoming films people would most like to see followed with the next question asking why. It was very popular, I think this is because it a well known classic ,and horror with clowns are very popular. Many people liked death note because of the death in titles and also like the dark tower because of its domestic setting. The few that likes zombies stated that its because they found them scary.

10.This shows that there are many features of a trailer that encourages audiences to watch a film. Therefore I will definitely use those in my trailer. Mystery scored the most, this might be because the audience wants to hooked and kept interested. Audiences also like to be jump scared makes the trailer more exciting and more enjoyable for those that like to get scared. Good important is also an important feature, the music has to immerse the viewers into experience and create atmosphere. Sound effects and voice over didn't score a lot however I still think they can create great effects.

11.This shows that people want to see a demon child villain. The use of the image of children's innocence can be very effective. However some did say that they want to see an adult as the villains, this type of villains seems more complicated and twisted. The paranormal scored evenly ,this further reinforces that people want to see something unknown and terrifying. Teenagers scored the least perhaps because most of people that answered were teenagers so they wouldn't want a teenage villain.

12.The most popular pick from the weapons was a chainsaw and knife, an axe and a dagger. Weapons that are capable of the physical damage seem the most scariest ,so people would like to see this in my trailer. However other weapons such as dark magic ,mind control and poison are weapons that would be used by the unknowns and supernatural. This shows that people would be attracted to a film if they saw a weapon that associates to their favourite horror sub genre. I will include those weapons in my trailer to attract a particular audience.

Evaluating my Survey

What age group did I target?


I gave the survey to 7 random people in my 6th form.I targeted 16 to 18 years old. Both females and males filled out the questionnaire.


What did the majority think about the genry and why?


some didn't like it because it was too scary but most enjoyed it because of its thrliing aspect ,its dark mysterious settings and the costumes and special effects.


what horror texts were mentioned?
The people that took the survey seemed to really like films that involve satanic themes or with psychotic main villains.






Task 2-look at one of the films mentioned din the survey


the devil inside


conventions within the trailer:


-special effect to make eye look rolled back this show she audience that the person is being possessed, this sort of supernatural themes are often seen in horror films
-takes under a basemen in a small operation room, horror films usually are set in tight small dark isolated place just like this one
-feature the 911 call to immerse audience into the story and get their interests

-abandoned isolated settings are very common in film this signifies to the audience the genre
-the story is about a women that has murdered three people ,murder is an often storyline to horror films, the audience knows what to expect attracting them tot the film
-her lose found daughter finds her mother at a psychiatric hospital and interviews her
-images of self harm
-the tempo becomes faster after she screams
-made in documentary style despite being fictional ,creating realism
-close ups on the eye
-camera pans instead of a short reverse shot to add show that the characters are scared
-religious symbols, a priest giving an exorcism
-investigation on a possessed body of a women ,clips of them




promotion method
-a trailer and a poster
-featured in articles such as the new York time newspaper receiving positive reviews
-interview with the priest, promotes the film
-Big movie studios are marketing and distribution machines. Paramount studios' marketing department, its publicity department and its media buying department all got behind this film.
-Trailers advertising the film ran in thousands of theaters for months before its release
-tv ads
-Paramount's distribution team negotiated deals with theater chains across the country. "The Devil Inside" didn't just open in New York and Los Angeles. It opened at Albuquerque and Peoria and Kalamazoo. It debuted on more than 2,500 screens across the country. The Studio System, an entertainment data company, estimates Paramount spent $4.9 million promoting this movie. That is five times more than the movie cost to make.

sub genres

Sub genres of horror:

Psychological horror is a sub-genre of horror that focus on the mental and psychological feature of the characters to make audience feel frighten or unsettled. An example is Haunter(2013) the film is about a girl experiencing the same day over ran dove again. Another example is Quarantine (2008) which, is about being trapped in their own house full of zombies. Last example is As above, So below (2014) is about a group exploring the catacombs in Paris featuring tight passages.

Sci-fi horror is a sub-genre of horror that concentrates on science and the unknown. Pandorum is a sci-fi horror about a trip to a new planet on a spaceship. Alien Is also one its set in space about an isolated space crew that has to fight an alien monster. At but not least Splice is very intriguing sci fi that feature hybrid humans.

Romance horror focuses on the relationship of the characters. Bride of chucky (1998) is about a homicidal couple. In clover field (2008) the main character searches for his trapped ex-girlfriend during the apocalypse. Another example is A girls walks home alone; at night (2014) based in an Iranian ghost town where a vampire fall in love with a man.

Questionnaire questions:

Do you enjoy horror genre?

Why do you enjoy the genre?

If you do not enjoy horror why?

What your favourite sub-genre of horror films? 

In which medium do you consume most horror?

What aspect of horror do you most enjoy?

When you watch horror films and/or programmes at the cinema or on tv,do you do so alone or with a group of people?

What are your favourite horror texts?

 

Frankenstein research task

1931 poster

• Black red blue dark colour scheme
• The key image is Frankenstein's face
• The fonts are very bold
• Caption “ the man that created a monster”
• Features famous actors
• Describes it as an original
• At the bottom is an image
• Cartoon style
   
   

   
   
   
   

1994 poster

• Less colours used only electric blue and  black as the background
• Main image is of lighting
• Features actos
• Tirle is in the middle
• Caption “ be warned”
• contrast of black and white

comparison

the older poster has more colours and more information on the poster whilst the 1994 poster has one caption " be warned" this makes it more mysterious, also many would already be familiar with Frankenstein therefore that much information is not needed. The 1931 poster has less clear writing, it fits the style of that times whilst the other poster is modern as its typed.

Trailer analysis-miss contandi

The Babadook (2014) trailer analysis


The babadook is about young mother that reads a book called mister babadook to her children however soon weird things start happening relating to the book.
Genre :drama thriller horror, psychological




Denotation-her body levitating in here sleep
connotation-she's possessed, supernatural
-being haunted by the lost




Verbal/non-verbal communication
There is a use of verbal communication to create the tone of the film.in most of the trailer the characters look upset worried or scared, this indicates that the general atmosphere of this film is ominous and sad. The trailer communicate to us that the family is grieving over the loss of their father this suggests  the family is haunted by the loss of a loved one. The use of dark shadows and lack of colour in the trailer creates mystery.




props,mis en scene setting
use of a scary pop up book, threatens the innocence of the children ,the book also features the monster which make it feel as if the monster is there
it set inside their home
crossbow-the family will try to protect itself from this monster, a weapon




camera angles
-short close ups help to make the trailer dramatic
-zoom on faces to show emotions show the fear


Sound
-use of eerie sounds to make audience feel uncomfortable
-emphasis natural sounds

semiotics -miss constandi

Semiotics is the study of signs and symbols and what they communicate to audiences.When a sign is linked to a meaning it is therefor called a code.In media we often describe that message given as being encoded by the creator and decoded by the receiving audience.Signs are simply anythings that can convey meanings,signs are used in media language to construct certain meaning through the use of mis en scene,sound,editing and camera angles.The similar alternative to code and decode are sign and signifiers.Ferdinand de Saussure believed that a sign is split into two parts(signified and signifier).The signifier is what we see and intake ,each signifier has a signified meaning within it.Together both make a sign.The meaning can also change depending on the context for example if someone was wearing a ring we would automatically assume they are married,as a ring symbolizes marriage.However in different cultures the signifier will be misinterpreted in different ways..This can also be described as connotation and denotation the connotation is what we culturally associate with that object and the denotation being the literal object shown.In this example the denotation is the ring and the connotation is marriage.Another theorist Roland Barthes took this further suggesting there are different levels of how a sign is decodes.The semantic code is firstly what we associate it with secondly the symbolic doe which is the deeper meaning that arises when different conflicts and ideas are brought up.Lastly the cultural code which is the audiences cultural understanding and knowledge their ideologies ideas , religion and morality.Those levels all decide how the code will be perceived by the audience.Therefor semiotics are very important as it explains how the media uses the same symbols repetitively to construct meaning to the media text.

Poster created for woman in black-miss dhillon

I have created a film poster for woman in black which is the film we watched in class and followed the conventions of film poster that I have learnt about in my previous task.

When creating this poster I have followed the conventions of film posters:

-I included the title at the bottom of the page

-the image fills the whole poster to capture attention

-a release date to inform audience when the film is being released

-a caption to reveal more about the content of the film

-I used a layer of fog on top of the image to reinforce the idea of an unclear danger

-the font is rough and black all in upper case to reflect the genre and atmosphere of the film

-the image is of a female corpse , to create fear

-use of low key lighting and dark colour scheme

conventions of film posters

To learn more about film posters , I have looked at some recent examples to investigate into the conventions of posters:


Lights out poster analysis

-dark blue lighting ,this would be used to signify sadness

-the use of a an isolated location of an abandoned hotel ,this reinforces the feeling of being isolated in a cold scary place

-rough and bold text in white

-a naked light bulb creates harsh lighting and aggressive atmosphere ,as it is lights out it created fear

-there's a deep focus on the light bulb to emphasise the concept of the film 

-its shot at the eye level of the audience to make the audience get the feeling of being inside

-the image fills the whole poster to grabs peoples attentions and is more immersive to the audience

-title in uppercase at the bottom of the page to attract the attentions, the title itself creates fear in some as many people have a fear of darkness

 

Abandoned poster analysis:

-a close up of an abnormal dolls face it almost creates literally direct eye to eye to contact with the audience as the doll is looking directly at you creating a tense and scary atmosphere

-the caption cover themes of death inserting the image of death chasing you
-low lighting to create a spooky atmosphere
-show the release date to encourage people to find out more about the film when it comes out
-the title is at the bottom of the poster ,uses blurry and distorted font to represent the idea of something being distorted

-the doll is crying with blood which suggest the doll is alive ,and takes the innocent view of dolls as just looking pretty and  for little to play with and changes it to something evil and sinister,blood signifies blood

-the image takes the whole space to drag people attention
-the doll looks abandoned which reinforces the idea of isolation

-institutional logos ,this would make the audience judge the quality of the film

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Using the Woman in Black for my production-miss dhillon

When watching the film woman in black I picked out a lot motifs that I could use for my trailer. I selected a number of five that would enable the creation process of my trailer to be easier and give inspiration for my horror trailer:

-conventions of horror such as the scary music and location a dark haunted house. I would use this to show that I'm making a horror trailer and follow codes to show the genre more clearly

 

-symbolisation of children because it follows of horror movies and it would make my film a lot more interesting if I flip the representation of children to less innocent

-the use of fog and mist ,this force reinforces the creep element and add weakness to the main character by obscuring the audience view of who the monster is.

-dark colours to set the mood and atmosphere, it also strengthens the darkness aspect of horror

-the idea of a ghost in a house as its more realistic a there's many real life cases ,it would make my horror trailer more authentic

-objects moving on their own that makes it spooky and tells the audience the monsters ability and power. I would add this within my trailer rot introduce the monster

Trailer analysis -miss constandi

Alien (1979)




Link: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/alien_quadrilogy/




director: Ridley Scott






Length: :1:57 min


Production companies: Brandywine-Ronald Shushett Productions

Distributed by:20th century fox

Characters: Captain dallas,Ripley,cat Kane, Ash and  the alien

Plot: "In space, no one can hear you scream." Everything becomes a nightmare when an alien invades a spacecraft in Ridley Scott's sci-fi horror classic. On the way home from a mission for the Company, the Nostromo's crew is woken up from hibernation by the ship's Mother computer to answer a distress signal from a nearby planet. Capt. Dallas's  rescue team discovers a bizarre pod field, but things get even stranger when a  creature bursts out of a pod and attaches itself to Kane .Over the objections of Ripley ,science officer Ash lets Kane back on the ship. The acid-blooded incubus detaches itself from an apparently recovered Kane, but an alien erupts from Kane's stomach and escapes. The alien starts stalking the humans, pitting Dallas and his crew against a malevolent killing machine that also has a protector in the nefarious Company.

Characters: Captain dallas,Ripley,cat Kane, Ash and  the alien

With use of close ups on the eyes and wide shots and group shots the characters seem to be isolated and left to fight this monster in shape. Represented as the running preys of the alien.Trailer of the film used media language for thie audience to the decode its meaning. In the trailer sounds of sirens that are very off putting ,as they almost sound like screeching cries, the audience would decode this as someone screaming for help but no one can hear them as we don't know where the sound is coming from. With no dialogue the trailer feels bizarre but makes it unique.The trailer shows clips from the film but there's no continuations ,its all left to the audience to decode what the film is about. A tracking shot facing the character and point of view shot are used ,the scene is dark and the audience would think that she's being chase and trying to escape.There is a repetitive use of wide shots to capture isolation.

At the beginning we see a scene of a weird looking egg cracking in space, the audience would associate this with aliens. It symbolises the beginning and in this case the beginning of an alien attack.The pace starts slow than becomes fast to create suspense. The clips are edited to become shorter to reflect the danger of the monster. This keeps to conventions of horror trailers The trailer consists of the repetitive use of jump cuts and fades to empathies the fear aspect of horror.There are few fades to black but most of the trailer consists of fades and jump cuts in order to establish the control of fear. The actual danger is not shown, this creates mystery around the monster.At the end it fades into a shot of space with the tagline "in space no one can hear you" .This signifies how the characters r truly isolated somewhere in space far away from their homeland. This is following a typical conventions of sci-fi horrors,there's an alien from space invading a space shift whilst the characters try to escape and fight the monsters, repetitive use of a space theme. The trailer uses codes that are conventional for sci-fi horrors therefore by using those codes in the trailer, the audience would recognize the genre by decoding those codes in the trailer. Barthes claims that by sharing those story structure , the audience can understand how the story will progress and track of what roles are undertaken by each character.One of the common codes of barthes that horror film use is the symbolic code that follows the theory of binary opposition. In this trailer its evil vs. good the supernatural are represented as the evil and the crew on the ship are the good guys.You cant have without the other,it drive sthe narrative forward

The purpose and fuctions of a trailer

Why do film companies need to use trailer?

The trailer is vital to the marketing campaign to promote it ,so people will come to the cinema and watch it.To become a box office hit ,the film is distributed in cinemas all round the country by the distributors of the film. It is very important to spreading awareness about the film therefore film companies need to use it. A marketing campaign is thus creating for the film to become more succeseful.This includes the trailer but as well the advertising on TV and radio as well posters. The trailer reveals the genre and all high selling point of the film to lure audience to go and see in when it releases.

Why is a trailer important?




Trailers are best at making the audience get a sense of the atmosphere and excitement of the film. In comparison to a poster it is far more affective in capturing the audiences interest. The trailer contains sound and moving images, making it an enjoyable experience for the audience that makes them excited to watch the film. The trailer is advertised across differed platforms , to attract as most people as possible.


what types of trailers are there?


There are the teaser trailer which advertises the main trailer. Another trailer is those that would show on TV ,they last up to one minute in length including different cuts than to the main trailer. A DVD would be shown right before a film starts playing on the DVD,the film would be of similar or the same genre, to target audience. There is also the internet trailer which would be specifically be created only for the internet. Lastly theatrical trailer ,those are the longest lasting up to three minutes


When is trailer made?


The trailer would be made during the time of the production or post production of the film and released 3 to 4 months before.

.How are trailers chosen to preview before certain films?

they would preview them in cinemas of a film of similar genre

What is the BFFC? how are films certified?

it stands for h board of film classification it a trusted guide to media content .Its purpose to help make the public informed viewing choice and protect the kids from content that rise harm risks. Here are some examples of classification requirement:

U -universal

In order to be certified as U film the film needs to appropriate for children below four and balances any threat horror or violence within the film. The film should give out a positive message to children not promoting bad behaviour that they could imitate

 PG-Parental guidance

Some scenes may be unsuitable for young children but should not unsettle a child aged around eight or older.Unaccompanied children of any age may watch.

Why is it important that the trailer shows the genre of the film and how does it happen?

it is important for a trailer to show the genre of the film in order to target the right audience. This is done through following conventions of the genre which the audience would already be familiar with.

How does the trailer show that its worth seeing?

This can be done by empathising the films unique selling point for example the horror it unique selling point is that its a re make of a famous horror series and this is shown through featuring the famous clown pennywise in the trailer

the woman in black review-miss Dhillon

TASK: read a review on the film and analyse it

article :http://www.empireonline.com/movies/woman-black/review/

what did the article talk about:

• genre
• plot and story line
• the novel the film Is based
• director and screenwriter
• mood and atmosphere of the film
• setting
• weather
• characters
• actors
• impact on the audience

Style of the article: The article uses informal language. It often uses direct language addressing the audience. It talks about a lot of the positive points about the film but also mentions why the film seemed quite "mundane" therefore it sounds genuine and honest. It refers to the book a lot and compares it to the film ,perhaps to satisfy its audience who are book lovers. It uses dashes to add its own thoughts on the film whilst informing you more about the film. The magazine audience target young adults and adults which explains it simple us of language.

researching a marketing campaign

A marketing campaign is course of actions taken to promote a film .Promotion of the film can be seen in many form those include; print advertising (posters and advertisement in newspapers and magazines),trailer(screen at cinemas or TV and radio),social media ,viral videos and merchandising. All of those are produced to encourage people to watch the film. When promoting a film it must be clear what genre the film is, its content.

In my research task I will be looking at the marketing campaign of You're next released in 2011 in the USA.It takes on the genre of horror as well as drama ,mystery and suspense. About a groups of masked murders that take a visit to the Davison family reunion and murders the couple in the house. The director Windgard wanted to create a home invasion movie, the film was set in a mansion with most of shots taken at night.It primary a


In order to promote the forthcoming horror movie, you're next marketers grafted images onto posters for other Lionsgate movie posters–images that looked like reflections revealing the killers from the movie over viewers’ shoulders. This marketing attracted a lot of attention and they were featured in many online articles that described its marketing as fresh and innovating however creeping and intriguing.The film also screen in the Sydney film festival where it had received positive feedback by most critics. The posters were successful at showing that the plot was very thought out and the masks revealed its genre.Blood is used in the posters to connotates deaths.

The trailer reveals the genre of the film being a horror ,with the killer invading a families home.It also shows how the victims are trapped inside the house trying to get out ,the inhabitants seemed very happy and contents until their home was invaded.Often through the trailer we props that are commonly used in this genre like mask,knives and weapons.At one point the killer writes you're next with red paint on the mirror of the mansion,this really explains the name of the film as in a slasher a person gets killed after another.The location is also a connotation of thrashers films and characters as well.The characters seem very vulnerable and in panic .However there seems to be more to the story,intriguing the audience as they want to know why is he invading them and if he'll succeed in kill the whole household.

Analysing a horor film trailer-miss constandi

Trailer Analysis: It (2017)

 

Name: It
Release: 8th September 2017
Director: Andrés Muschietti
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FnCdOQsX5kc
Length: 2.26
Genre: Drama/Horror
Target audience: Stephen King enthusiasts, horror cinephiles and over 18 year olds.
Plot: Children begin to disappear in the town of Derry, Maine. A group of neighbourhood team up to fight against Pennywise, an evil clown whose history of murder and violence dates back for centuries.
The narrative is shown through a small clips and a small narration:

This image shows the group of kids trying to understand who Pennywise is and why is he being a threat.

The threat and murderer that is Pennywise, an evil clown who in this shot is being terrifying.

There are a total of nine characters: One antagonist and eight protagonists. The antagonist, Pennywise is not shown obviously to the camera and uses the symbol of a balloon to symbolise that he targets children. The children are presented as victims through their facial expressions whilst Pennywise is evil for the smile's shaped in a way to start fear.

Most of the shots are wide and medium shots in order to help communicate the basic narrative and establish the setting, without giving the ending away. The only time there are close ups is to convey the character's emotion of fear and establish the fear that Pennywise is showing.

CLOSE UPS:

MEDIUM WIDE SHOTS:

The pace at the beginning is rather light hearted and slow as we see a little boy, Georgie in a yellow raincoat going out to play with a boat his brother, Bill lovingly made for him. Then the pace starts to go unsteady when Pennywise pops up in the sewer and the narration is giving a brief overview of the story. The pace then quickens when they are looking at the photos of Pennywise. After that the pace once again goes uneven and slightly fast when it goes through multiple cut scenes of the film before it then cuts to Bill and Georgie. Georgie asks Bill to come with him before repeating the question rather maliciously and the pace drops before quickening when Pennywise is running towards Bill.  

The sounds in the beginning is a soft piano that tries to keep it light hearted and innocent. This eases the audience and settles them for a simple trailer before then suddenly cutting to when Georgie bumps his head. The music changes tone and is rather deeper throughout the entire clip. The pitches vary. There is a cut to black when an eerie child whisper saying "We all float down here" and it then switches to normal words and each time someone says something, a strange clown-like sound plays. The sound intensifies when the camera clicks and grows in sound before cutting to silence and slow clicks between the scenes. During the fast pace moment, there is a clown laugh running through the jumpcuts. Once again there is silence before there is a clown scream and once again silence.

There is narration which is brief and only provides the audience exposition as to what is going on. It helps to provide the audience an understanding to what the plot is as well as providing extra detail: "Derry's not like any other town I've been in. People die or disappear six times the national average ... and that's just grown ups. Kids are worse. Way, way worse." This gives the information that it is in a town called Derry. A town where a lot of people go missing, especially children and to the audience it provides information that this is a mystery to be solved.

Special effects would have had to have been used for the boat, balloon and Pennywise. The boat and balloon would need special effects because they are inanimate objects and move on their own but for the purpose of the narrative for they move in a particular orchestrated way, they need special effects in order to move that way and convey a scary emotion. Pennywise would need special effects in order for it to do its scary acts like the scene at the end where it starts to run fast and scream.

The companies shown are Warner Bros. and New Line Cinemas which are both owned by the oligopoly Time Warner. Warner Bros. is a big oligopoly itself as it is one of the six companies that dominate the film business. It mentions: "From Stephen King's terrifying novel" and this ultimately informs the reader that the film was adapted from a book and by the word "terrifying" it entails that the book has had success which is why it is getting an on screen adaptation.

The intertitles and credits are as followed:

This tagline invited the viewer to ponder on their fear and see if they can face their worst fear by watching this film because clowns are a popular phobia that people have and so the film uses clowns as a symbol of fear. As well as this, it informs audiences that the film will release 8 September leaving people to wait for the upcoming film to satiate their interest for the horror film. The font is a bold verdana font as it shows a rather strong masculine message and it makes the movie look more intense and realistic.

The trailer uses a lot of razor edits and fade to blacks and the reason for this is because trailers are straight to the point and they need to keep the viewer interested as long as possible in the short amount of time. The razor edits quicken the pace of the trailer and also keep the viewer interested for a while. It gives the viewer a sneak peek of the film while the fade to blacks leave the viewer in suspense on the edge of their seat to the point where they have to go see the movie to match up what they saw within the trailer to the film.

The first lines of the trailer are:

"There you go, she's all ready captain."
"Thanks Bill."

This establishes to the audience that these two children are close brothers and they love each other but it changes as it foreshadows a later event.

The next few lines all talk about the clown:

"I saw something ... there was this..."
"Clown ... yeah I saw him too."

This cut off a sentence is a technique to show the fear the children have and it informs them and the audience that the threat is a clown. It also shows how the kids are all having the same fear and in that they will join together to go against the fear. The next line:

"Look ... it's connected by the sewers. That's where IT lives."

This informs the audience that the threat can go anywhere and is easily trackable. Before it then switches to screams and shout. There is one line which Georgie asks his brother Bill:

"Bill, if you'll come with me, you'll float too. - you'll float too. -  (snigger) you'll float too. -you'll float too. - YOU'LL FLOAT TOO!"

This repeated line signifies to the audience that there is something wrong with Georgie or better yet that this is not Georgie but the clown, Pennywise because the beginning lines show a adorable sweet interaction between Georgie and Bill so this end scene shows that it is not Georgie that is talking top Bill because the repeated line creates tension and drama in order to fuel more fear into Bill and the audience before there is a clown scream to confirm our suspicion that Pennywise has done something to Georgie.

There are two - three USP which are: "From Stephen King's terrifying novel", Pennywise and Finn Wolfhard. If it's adapted from a book, it already gains an audience as many people are familiar with Stephen King's work and so having it adapted from a book of a notable horror novellist. Pennywise is a notable character as he was previously adapted for a drama miniseries and the character was played by actor Tim Curry who is well known for playing Dr, Frank'n'Furter in The Rocky Horror Pictureshow. So Pennywise is a unique sell point because he has been adapted before and so audiences would go see the film to see how it differs from the drama miniseries. Finally Finn Wolfhard is a actor who is shown below:

He is well known in the hit Netflix series, Stranger Things and this series was critically acclaimed as well as the actors. Having an actor like Finn Wolfhard lifts the status of the film and gains a wider audience.

The costumes in the film, are somewhat old and this suggests to the audience that the film is set in the 80s because this was a time when children would go out and play together, riding bicycles with one another. The sets are mostly natural and in either houses or sewers in order to show a contrast of horror and reality. The colours are mostly bright when with the kids but the colours become dull when Pennywise is near showing that Pennywise is a threat and should not be preferred. Most of the lighting is natural high key lighting in order to break the convention that horror is in the dark as there is a show of Pennywise in the day time and it conveys to the audience that Pennywise is a monster that can haunt you anytime of the day.

The trailer follows most of the stereotypical conventions in which there are jumpcuts and fades to black. It does not give much a away but gives just enough information for the audience to understand the basic plot and it definitely does not give the ending away. It has the sounds of screaming and it uses fear in a rather clever way to show that this is a horror film.

In conclusion I found that this trailer is a perfect example of a horror trailer as it uses various tools in order to gain a wider audience which worked well as it was the most viewed video within a 24 hour time space and so using a well known book helps to gain a wider audience.